UDC 903.2
S. P. Nesterov 1, I. A. Durakov 2, O. A. Shelomikhin 3
1 Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS
17 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
E-mail: nesterov@archaeology.nsc.ru
2 Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
28 Vilyuiskaya St., Novosibirsk, 630126, Russia
E-mail: idurakov@yandex.ru
3 Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University
104 Lenin St., Blagoveshchensk, 675000, Russia
E-mail: istfil@bgpu.ru
EARLY COMPLEX OF THE URIL CULTURE FROM THE BUKA KEY ON THE BUREYA RIVER*
The article analyzes the early materials of the Ural culture from the multi-layered monument Bukinskiy Klyuch-1 on the Bureya River. The most significant artifacts in this complex should be considered an iron rod and a bronze lapel plaque-a stripe of the Karasuk appearance. Judging by the composition of stone tools, human economic activity at the Early Ural site was associated with hunting and fishing. A large number of flakes and chips, the presence of nuclei, chippers, anvils indicate the manufacture of the necessary stone tools directly at the site of the parking lot. The complex of signs of human economic activity on Bukinskoe Klyuch-1, the lack of housing structures, the haphazard arrangement of bonfires indicate that, most likely, it was a seasonal hunting and fishing camp of irregular visits. The presence in one complex of the Uril culture, which replaced the Late Neolithic Osinoozersk culture in the Western Amur region, of bronze and iron objects that may be replicas of Karasuk products; local iron production; new radiocarbon dates that allow us to speak about the origin of the Uril culture in the XII century BC. However, there is no reason to single out the Bronze Age as a separate chronological stage in the archaeological periodization of the Amur Region's antiquities, at least in its western part. Here, apparently, bronze and iron began to be used simultaneously by the population at the very end of the II-beginning of the I millennium BC.
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