In the history of each nation, you can find periods of ups and downs. The time of the highest power of the Oirats in the post-Yuan period in the history of medieval Mongolia is the period of "Oirat hegemony", when the united Mongol-Oirat state was ruled in the first half of the XV century by prominent statesmen Togon-taishi (d. 1439) and his son Esen (1407-1455) [Sanchirov, 2002, p. 38 - 53]. Occupying the influential position of the first taishi minister at the court of the supreme Khan of Mongolia Togtobukha, Daisun Khan, Togon actually usurped the khan's power. As reported in the Chinese dynastic chronicle "Ming shi", " Togtobukha was appointed hagan (supreme khan. - B.C.) ... and he himself [=Togon] became cheng-hsiang (Minister. - B.C.). Outwardly, he seemed to receive his orders, but in reality he did not obey him (Togtobuhe. - B.C.) " [Ham-bis, 1969, p.29]. Active and energetic Oirat rulers Togon, and then Esen, had absolute control over all state affairs in the country, turning the "all-Mongol khan" into a simple puppet on the throne.
The centralizing policy of the Oirat Taishi, aimed at overcoming feudal fragmentation and creating a unified Mongol-Oirat state under the rule of Oirat rulers from the house of Choros, led to a sharp deterioration in relations with neighboring China, where the Ming Dynasty ruled (1368-1644). The root cause of this was disputes with the Minsk government over trade relations, in which the Mongol and Oirat rulers were extremely interested. Uninterrupted trade exchange with settled countries allowed nomads-Mongols and Oirats-to acquire the necessary products of agriculture and developed handicraft production and sell the products of their cattle-breeding economy. However, the Ming dynasty in China, remembering the lessons of the past, has always been guided in its trade practice with its neighbors by considerations not of an economic, but of a military-strategic order, and has not been at all interested in strengthening the power o ...
Read more